High Frequency
Sight Words
Keys To
Literacy: 1.05.2021 by Joan Sedita
Educators sometimes confuse the following related terms: sight words, high frequency words, decodable words, irregular words. Sight words are words that are instantly recognized and identified without conscious effort. High frequency words are the words most commonly used in the English language. Because high frequency words are essential to learning how to read, teachers should begin to teach some high frequency words as sight words to children in primary grades at the same time children are being taught how to use phonics to decode words. Teachers introduce these words as soon as kindergarten if their students are ready.
Some
high frequency words are decodable – they can be “sounded out” using regular
phonics concepts (e.g., in, and, had, that, him, did, then, with, down, at, on,
can, like). Some high frequency words are irregular – they are not phonetic and
must be read as a unique word (e.g., the, was, from, have, of, there, want,
you, said, does). When a teacher introduces a new high frequency word, it is
helpful to point out to children if it is irregular or if it is decodable using
the phonics concepts the children have learned.
At
first, high frequency words are the words young students learn to read by sight
(e.g., the, what) along with words that are meaningful to each child (e.g.,
family names, name of their town). Over time, many words that young students
read by applying decoding skills eventually become sight words – that is,
students learn to read them automatically by sight through the orthographic
mapping process.
There
is no definitive list of which high frequency words should be taught at which
grade level or at which time of year in a grade level. Reading programs
typically incorporate some instruction of high frequency words into daily lessons. READ MORE ➤➤
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